Ira Pastor, ideaXme exponential health ambassador and founder of Bioquark, interviews Dr Wise Young M.D., Ph.D., the Richard H. Shindell Chair in Neuroscience, Distinguished Professor of Cell Biology & Neuroscience and the Founding Director of the W. M. Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience at Rutgers University.

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Spinal Cord Injury

A spinal cord injury (SCI) is defined as any damage to the spinal cord that causes temporary or permanent changes in its function.

Depending on the location and severity of the damage, the symptoms vary, from numbness to paralysis to incontinence. Long term outcomes also vary widely, from full recovery to permanent quadriplegia or paraplegia. Complications can include muscle atrophy, pressure sores, infections, and breathing problems.

Direct medical expenses for spinal cord injuries can run into millions of dollars (not including lost wages and earning potential) and can include: spinal surgery, trauma care (use of a ventilator) rehabilitation (including physical and occupational therapy, speech therapy, and mental health counseling), long-term care, including the costs of in-home aides, medical equipment such as wheelchairs, and medication such as painkillers and antibiotics.